Overview

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a way to help a woman get pregnant by putting specially prepared sperm directly into her uterus around the time she ovulates. The procedure makes it more likely that sperm will reach the fallopian tubes, which makes fertilisation more likely. IUI is less invasive and easier than in vitro fertilisation (IVF). It can be done during a normal menstrual cycle or with fertility drugs that make ovulation happen. IUI is often the first step in fertility treatment for certain people. It is done in a clinic without surgery or anaesthesia.

Why It's Done 
Couples with mild male factor infertility, unexplained infertility, ovulation problems, or cervical mucus problems should try IUI. It can also be used by single women or same-sex couples who are using donor sperm. The goal is to improve the chances of fertilisation by getting sperm closer to the egg at the right time during ovulation. People often try this before more advanced treatments like IVF.

What to Expect
Ultrasound and hormone tests are used to keep an eye on the woman's ovulation cycle before IUI. Doctors may give you fertility drugs to help your eggs grow. After ovulation is confirmed or started, a sample of semen is taken and sent to a lab to be processed so that healthy sperm can be concentrated. A thin catheter is put through the cervix and into the uterus during the procedure to place the prepared sperm. The process only takes a few minutes and usually doesn't hurt much. After the procedure, the woman can rest briefly before returning to her normal activities. You might have mild cramps or spotting. A pregnancy test is usually done about two weeks later to see if it worked.

Recovery & Outlook
Most women can go back to their normal activities right away after IUI, so recovery is quick. The chances of success depend on the person's age and fertility. Some couples get pregnant in just a few cycles, while others may need more treatments.